logotype
  • Home
  • BOARDS
    • CBSE
      • Class 6
      • Class 7
  • Blog
  • Contact

No products in the cart.

LoginJoin Now
logotype
  • Home
  • BOARDS
    • CBSE
      • Class 6
      • Class 7
  • Blog
  • Contact

No products in the cart.

LoginJoin Now
  • Home
  • BOARDS
    • CBSE
      • Class 6
      • Class 7
  • Blog
  • Contact
logotype
Login  /  Join
logotype
  • Home
  • BOARDS
    • CBSE
      • Class 6
      • Class 7
  • Blog
  • Contact

Tag: cbse

CBSEClass 7Class 7 ScienceEeducato Team
Share article:TelegramWhatsappTwitterFacebook
267 Views
10 Likes

Respiration in Organism Class 7 Chapter Summary

Respiration – It is the process of breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy for carrying out life processes.

Why do we need energy?

We need energy for a variety of activities like to move from one place to another, run, walk, chew food, for the functioning of the organs in our body like the heart ,stomach and so on.

Nutrients – The components of food that are necessary for growth and development of our body are called nutrients. For example: Carbohydrate, protein, fats, vitamins and minerals .

Digestion – It is the process of breaking down the complex food substances into simpler substances.

Amino acid – Amino acids are organic compounds which combine to form proteins. Hence they are called as building blocks of proteins.

Respiratory system – The respiratory system is an organ system responsible for the exchange of gases in animals.

Nasal cavity – It is the chamber through which the inhaled air flows. It has mucus and hair.

Why is mucus important?

Mucus present in our nasal cavity helps to trap dust particles and germs which may otherwise enter the nasal cavity and can cause irritation. It also provides moisture to the air inhaled.

Nostrils – The two external openings of the nose are called nostrils.

Trachea – Trachea or the windpipe is the tube-like structure that allows passage of air into the lungs.

Why c- like cartilaginous rings present in the trachea?

A normal trachea has many rings made of cartilage. These rings are C-shaped and support the trachea by preventing it from collapsing.

Bronchi & Bronchioles – The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi which enter the lungs. These bronchi further branch into smaller bronchioles.

What are secondary bronchi and tertiary bronchi?

The secondary bronchi are the first subdivision of the main bronchi. The secondary bronchi are further divided into tertiary bronchi which eventually branch into bronchioles.

Mucous – It is a fluid secreted by the inner lining of the nasal cavity. It moistens the air entering the body and traps foreign particles.

Pharynx – It is the common passage for air and food, it opens into the trachea and the food pipe.

Larynx / Voice box – It is a hollow structure located at the top of the windpipe from where sound is produced.

Oesophagus – Oesophagus, also known as food pipe, is a long tube-like structure that connects the mouth to the stomach. It is an important part of the digestive system.

PERISTALSIS – Peristalsis is a contraction and relaxation of muscles of the food pipe which helps in movement of food in towards the stomach.

Epiglottis – The entrance to the windpipe or trachea is guarded by a flap called the epiglottis, it closes the windpipe at the time of swallowing food.

Why do we cough?

Incomplete closure of epiglottis during swallowing causes the food to enter the windpipe. Our body responds and expels this food out from the windpipe by the mechanism of coughing.

Alveoli – Alveoli are the tiny air sacs present at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs. It plays an important role in gaseous exchange.

How gaseous exchange occurs?

When we breathe in air rich in oxygen it reaches the alveoli in the lungs, where the concentration/molecules of oxygen remains more as compared to the number of oxygen molecules in the blood vessels surrounding the alveoli, because of this difference in concentration diffusion of gaseous (oxygen and carbon dioxide) molecules occurs, oxygen molecules are taken up by RBCs and carbon dioxide is sent to the alveoli which is released out while we exhale.

Lungs – A pair of pink spongy elastic organs protected by the rib cage.

What is pulmonary?

Pulmonary is the term used in relation to the lungs.

Diaphragm – The diaphragm is a large dome shaped muscular sheet which forms the floor of the chest cavity, it contracts rhythmically while breathing which helps in expanding and contracting the space inside the lungs for inhaling and exhaling the air.

Breathing – The physical process of inhalation and exhalation of the air rich in oxygen is called breathing.

Gaseous exchange – Gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli. It is the process of exchange of oxygen from the lungs to the cells and removal of carbon dioxide from the cells and given out through lungs .

Cellular respiration – Cellular respiration is the breakdown of glucose that produces energy. This takes place inside the cell. Energy is produced in the form of Adenosine triphosphate.

Tissue respiration – Tissue respiration refers to the exchange of gases between cells and tissue fluid.

What is internal & external respiration?

External Respiration is the exchange of gases with the external environment and the lungs.

Internal Respiration involves the exchange of gases between the wall of the alveoli and the blood capillaries, also called cellular respiration.

Inhalation – The process of taking in air rich in oxygen is called inhalation.

Exhalation – The process of giving out air rich in carbon dioxide is called exhalation.

Why do we take only oxygen while breathing although various gases are present in the atmosphere?

We do inhale all the gases present in the environment but they are not required in any process in our body so they are exhaled out in the same amount as inhaled only the oxygen molecules are taken up by the blood cells and carbon dioxide is released out.

Capillaries – Capillaries are very tiny blood vessels. It is made up of a single layer of cell.

Cell – The cell (from Latin cella, meaning “small room”) is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms.

Breathing rate – Number of times the person breathes in a minute is called the breathing rate. On an average breathing rate is 12-15 breaths per minute.

What is the breathing rate of a baby/child?

The average breathing rate of a toddler(1-3 years of age) is 20-24 breaths per minute.

Why do children have more breathing rate than adults?

Children have a high breathing rate because their breaths are quicker as they have little space in their lungs to perform exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Chest cavity – Chest cavity is the chamber of the body which encloses the heart and the lungs. It is enclosed by the ribs, the vertebral column, and the sternum, or breastbone. It is separated from the abdominal cavity by a muscular sheet, the diaphragm.

 Diffusion – The process of movement of molecules from the region of their higher concentration to the region of their lower concentration is called diffusion.

Mitochondria – Mitochondria is a cell organelle which helps in the production of energy. It is also called the powerhouse of the cell. The energy is produced in the form of ATP molecules.

ATP – Adenosine triphosphate is the energy molecule. The energy released during the process of respiration is stored in the chemical form as ATP.

Aerobic respiration: The process of breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration.

Glucose+oxygen ->Carbon Dioxide + water + Energy

Anaerobic respiration: The process of breaking down glucose in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.

Glucose-> Alcohol + carbon dioxide+energy

Glucose-> lactic acid+energy (in our muscles)

Fermentation – Fermentation is the process of converting carbohydrates (glucose) to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms (yeast).

Lactic acid – Lactic acid is an organic acid. It is also known as milk acid.

Alcohol – Alcohol, also called by the chemical name ethanol, is a chemical that is the active ingredient in drinks such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits.

What is the Difference between breathing and respiration?

Breathing involves the process of inhaling oxygen rich air and exhaling carbon dioxide rich air. It is a physical process and does not involve production of energy, whereas Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to produce energy which is then used by cells to carry out the cellular function. It takes place inside the cells.

Biochemical process

  • The chemical processes that occur in the body of living organisms is called a biochemical process.
  • Eg: The food that we eat is converted into energy is a biochemical process.

Muscle cramp – A muscle cramp is a strong contraction of the muscles which causes it to tighten. This stiffness of muscle is very painful. A hot water bath or a massage can help in getting relief from the muscle cramps.

Why does hot water bath or massage give us relief from muscle cramps?

  • Muscle cramps occur when there is anaerobic respiration taking place in our muscles. During anaerobic respiration, glucose gets converted into lactic acid during the absence of oxygen.
  • A hot water bath or a massage can help in getting relief from the muscle cramps. These two things improve blood circulation, thereby increasing the supply of oxygen to the muscles. When there is a sufficient amount of oxygen supply, lactic acid breaks down into carbon dioxide and water.
  • Example for anaerobic respiration
    1. Process of fermentation in yeast
    2. In human muscle cells

Spiracles

  • A spiracle is the opening in the exoskeletons of insects which allows air to enter the trachea.
  • Air enters the insect’s body through the spiracles. For example, in cockroaches, mosquito spiracles are present.

Tracheole – Tracheole is a fine respiratory tube of the trachea of an insect or a spider, part of the respiratory system. Tracheoles are about 1 µm in diameter, and they transport oxygen to cells.

Slimy – Covered with slime, which is wet and slippery

Earthworm – Earthworms are segmented worms. They are the common inhabitants of moist soil and feed on organic matter.

Amphibian – Amphibians are a class of animals which can survive both on the land and in the water. Eg: Frogs, Toads etc.

Gills – A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms which helps take up dissolved oxygen from water and release carbon dioxide.

Tadpoles – A tadpole is the young stage of an amphibian, it lives in water, has a tail and breathes through gills.

Dissolved meaning – To “dissolve” is defined as to become broken up or absorbed by something or to disappear into something else. When sugar becomes absorbed into water, this is an example of when sugar dissolves into water

Blood vessels – Blood vessels are a network of pathways through which blood travels throughout the body.  Arteries and veins are the two primary types of blood vessels in the circulatory system of the body.

Blowholes – Usually dolphins and whales have a hold on the top of their head which is used by them for breathing. These holes are called the blow holes.

Stomata – Stomata are the minute openings, generally found in the lower side of leaves. They are typically found in plant leaves and can also be found in stems and other parts of plants.

Guard cells – The stomata consist of minute pores called stoma surrounded by a pair of guard cells. The guard cells are specialized, bean-shaped cells, which are found surrounding the stoma and are connected at both ends.

Root hair – A hair like outgrowth of a plant root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil is called root hair.

 

 

Class 7 Science CBSE

Class 7 Science CBSE

Start Learning
Class 6 Science CBSE

Class 6 Science CBSE

₹999.00 ₹499.00
Add to cart
Hi, Welcome back!
Forgot?
Don't have an account?  Register Now
READ MORE
CBSEClass 6Class 6 ScienceEeducato Team
Share article:TelegramWhatsappTwitterFacebook
152 Views
11 Likes

Getting to Know Plants Chapter Summary Class 6

Seed – A seed is an important part of a flowering plant. They give rise to a new plant. They may be of different shapes, colors and sizes. E.g. – Bean seed.

Germination – The process by which new plants grow from a seed is called germination. It is a process that takes place when the embryo within the seed becomes active and starts to grow into a young baby plant.

Root – It is the part of a plant that grows under the ground. It absorbs water and minerals from the soil. They also anchor the plant firmly in the soil and also bind the soil together.

Shoot – It is the aerial part of a plant (develops above the ground). It includes stems, leaves, buds, flowers & fruits.

Topsoil – Topsoil is the uppermost layer of the soil which is rich in organic matter & supports the growth of plants.

Tap root – Taproots have a main central root from which small, lateral roots come out. E.g.- Mustard, carrot, beetroot, parsley, china rose etc.

Fibrous root – Fibrous roots do not have a main root & all roots seem similar and arise from the same point. E.g.- Rice, wheat, maize, marigold, banana etc.

Burdock – It is a plant found all over the world. Its roots are used as food. Seeds and leaves of this plant are also used for medicinal purposes.

Nutrients

  • They are the components present in food which are important for life & provide us energy, they are considered as building blocks for growth and repair.
  • Major nutrients required for plants are Nitrogen, Phosphorus and potassium.

Lateral root – Lateral roots are the smaller roots that come out from the main root and help anchor the plant into the soil.

Stem – It is the part of a plant present just above the ground. It helps in conduction of water and minerals absorbed by roots from the soil. It bears leaves, flowers and fruits.

Herb – Herbs are short plants, with green and delicate stems. Compared to other plants, these plants have very few branches and come off easily from the soil. E.g- Grass, Mint, and Wheat etc.

Shrub – Shrubs are medium-sized, woody plants taller than herbs and shorter than a tree. They have bushy, hard, and woody stems with many branches. Eg: Rose, Jasmine, Lemon and Tulsi.

Tree – Trees are big and tall plants. They have very thick, woody and hard stems called the trunk. The trunk gives rise to many branches that bear leaves, flowers and fruits. Eg : Mango, Banyan and Coconut.

Tender stem – The thin and delicate stems are called tender stems. For example Broccoli- we can eat the stalk and flower both.

Trunk – The thick and main stem of the tree from which branches grow is called trunk.

Creepers-Creepers are the plants that creep on the ground. They have very weak, long, thin stems that can not stand upright. Eg: Watermelon, Strawberry, Pumpkin and Sweet potatoes.

Climbers – Climbers have a very thin, long and weak stem which cannot stand upright but they can use support to grow. Eg: Pea plant, Grapevine, Sweet gourd, Money plant.

Grapevine – The stem of grape plants, which grows upward with the help of tendril.

Tendril – A tendril is a modified stem or leaf with a thread-like shape that is used by climbing plants for support.

Photosynthesis – Photosynthesis is a process of synthesis of food in plants using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight with the help of chlorophyll pigment.

Leaf – Leaf is a green flat part of a plant, it contains chlorophyll which helps in preparation of food by the process of photosynthesis.

Midrib –The thick prominent vein that runs along the middle of the lamina is called midrib. Midrib divides the surface of the lamina into two.

Vein – The lines on the leaf that comes out from a midrib are called veins.

Petiole – Petiole is the long, thin, stalk that connects the leaf blade to the stem.

Lamina – It is also known as leaf blade. It is generally the green, flat surface of the leaves.

Venation – The pattern or the arrangement of veins on the leaf is called venation. It can be either reticulate venation or parallel venation.

Reticulate Venation – The veins are arranged in a net-like fashion on both sides of midrib. E.g.: Rose plant, Hibiscus etc.

Parallel venation – In a parallel venation, the vein runs parallel to each other. E.g.: Maize, Banana etc.

Relation between different types of leaves and roots –

Leaf venation and the type of roots in a plant are related. Plants with fibrous roots have parallel venation in their leaves. Plants with tap roots have reticulate venation in their leaves.

Transpiration- Transpiration is the loss of water in the form of water vapour from aerial  parts ( i.e parts which are exposed to the air )  of the plant.

Flower – Flowers are the most colorful part of a plant. It is also called the reproductive part as it carries the reproductive organs. Eg: Rose and Hibiscus.

Petal – Petal is the colorful part of a flower. It has fragrance and helps in attracting the insects for pollination.

Sepal – It is the green leaf-like part of the flower present below the petals. It protects the inner parts of the flower when it is a bud.

Stamen – The male reproductive part of the flower is called stamen. It consists of anther and filament.

Pistil – The female reproductive part of the flower is called Pistil. It consists of three parts- stigma, style and ovary.

Anther – The oval/round structures present on the top of the filament is anther. They produce pollen grains.

Filament – A long thread-like structure on the top of which anther is present.

Stigma – It is the topmost part of the pistil (female reproductive part of a flower) which receives the pollen grain.

Style – It is the long tube-like structure which connects stigma to the ovary.  

Ovules – Ovules are present inside the ovary and develop into seed.

Incomplete flower– A complete flower is the one that consists of sepals, petals, stamens and pistils. If the flower lacks any one of these parts, then it is an incomplete flower. Example -Sweet corn.

Complete flower– A complete flower is the one that consists of sepals, petals, stamens and pistils. Example – Rose, Hibiscus.

Pollination-  The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is known as pollination.

Fertilization-  The fusion of male gamete and female gamete to form a zygote is known as fertilization.

Edible-  Anything that can be eaten is known as edible.

Seed dispersal- The spreading of seeds to different places is known as seed dispersal.

Embryo- It is a stage in development of the zygote.

Conduction– It is the transfer of water and minerals from one part of the plant to another part.

Sessile leaves- Sessile leaves are directly attached to the stem without a petiole. Example- Saffron.

Mosses- Mosses are small non-flowering plants. They are predominantly found in aquatic environments.

Algae- Algae are organisms that are capable of performing photosynthesis and are mostly aquatic organisms.

Monocots- Monocots are the flowering plants in which the seeds have only one cotyledon. Example: Rice, Grass, Maize etc.

Dicots- Dicots are the flowering plants in which the seeds have two cotyledons. Example: Rose, Pea, Mango etc.

Experiment to test for the presence of starch in leaves – 

Take a leaf in a test tube and pour alcohol solution till it completely covers the leaf. Now put the test tube in a beaker having water. Heat the beaker till all the green colour from the leaf comes out into the alcoholic solution in the test tube then take out the leaf and wash it with water and pour some iodine solution over it. The iodine solution is brown in colour but when it comes in contact with starch it turns blue-black, this confirms the presence of starch in the leaf.

Why should we boil the leaf in an alcohol solution – Leaf has to be boiled in alcohol so that chlorophyll pigment in the leaf is removed and the green colour of the leaf comes out. So that it should not interfere in our result.

Why are leaves green in colour – Leaves are green in colour due to presence of chlorophyll pigment.

Why are petals colourful – Petals are colourful so that they can attract insects for the process of pollination.

Example of Plants with joined sepals– Example of Plants with joined sepals are Hibiscus and Cotton.

Example of Plants with separate sepals – Example of Plants with separate sepals are Rose, Lily and Lotus.

READ MORE
CBSEEeducato Team
Share article:TelegramWhatsappTwitterFacebook
116 Views
12 Likes

What is CBSE ?

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a Board of Education for public and private schools that falls under the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) (formerly the Ministry of Education) of the Government of India. It is a Government Board of Education that was established on November 3, 1962, with the primary aim of creating a uniform standard and foundation for all students in the nation.

The CBSE is a national board of education for schools. It has the power to accredit schools, run the Secondary School Examination and the Senior School Certificate Examination, and give out certificates.

It works to provide a teaching methodology and atmosphere that equips the next generation of people to lead the growing knowledge society on a global scale. The Board places a strong emphasis on the overall development of students by offering a stress-free learning environment that will produce competent, self-assured, and entrepreneurial citizens who will uphold peace and harmony.

The main goals were to better serve educational institutions and to respond to the educational needs of children whose parents held frequently-transferable positions in the Central Government.

CBSE motto is “Asto ma Sad gamay” (असतो मा सद्गमय ) – “O God ! Please lead me towards truth from untruth”.

History of CBSE

The Indian government established the “Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana” in 1929. Ajmer, Merwara, Central India, and Gwalior were among the cities included. It was later restricted to Ajmer, Bhopal, and Vindhya Pradesh. It was renamed the “Central Board of Secondary Education” in 1952.

CBSE Exams

Every year in March, CBSE gives the final exams for Class 10 and Class 12 students. By the end of May, people will know what the results are. Before, the board ran the AIEEE Exam, which students took to get into engineering and architecture programmes in India’s colleges. But in 2013, the AIEEE test was combined with the IIT-Joint Entrance Exam (JEE). The common test is now called JEE (Main), and it will be given by the National Testing Agency from now on.

CBSE Regional Offices

  1. Delhi: Covering NCT of Delhi and Foreign Schools.
  2. Chennai: Covering Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Daman and Diu, Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu and Telangana.
  3. Guwahati: Covering Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura.
  4. Ajmer: Covering Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
  5. Panchkula: Covering Chandigarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Punjab.
  6. Allahabad: Covering Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
  7. Patna: Covering Bihar and Jharkhand.
  8. Bhubaneswar: Covering Chhattisgarh, Odisha and West Bengal.
  9. Thiruvananthapuram: Covering Kerala and Lakshadweep.
  10. Dehradun: Covering Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

Objectives of CBSE

  • To define appropriate approaches of academic activities to provide stress free, child centered and holistic education to all children without compromising on quality
  • To analyze and monitor the quality of academic activities by collecting the feedback from different stakeholders
  • To develop norms for implementation of various academic activities including quality issues; to control and coordinate the implementation of various academic and training programmes of the Board; to organize academic activities and to supervise other agencies involved in the process
  • To adapt and innovate methods to achieve academic excellence in conformity with psychological, pedagogical and social principles.
  • To encourage schools to document the progress of students in a teacher and student friendly way
  • To propose plans to achieve quality benchmarks in school education consistent with the National goals
  • To organize various capacity building and empowerment programmes to update the professional competency of teachers
  • To prescribe conditions of examinations and conduct public examination at the end of Class X and XII. To grant qualifying certificates to successful candidates of the affiliated schools.
  • To fulfill the educational requirements of those students whose parents were employed in transferable jobs
  • To prescribe and update the course of instructions of examinations
  • To affiliate institutions for the purpose of examination and raise the academic standards of the country.
READ MORE

Recent Posts

  • Respiration in Organism Class 7 Chapter Summary
  • Getting to Know Plants Chapter Summary Class 6
  • Nutrition in Animals Chapter Summary Class 7
  • The Living Organisms and Their Surrounding Chapter Summary Class 6
  • Reaching at the Age of Adolescence Chapter Summary Class 8

Recent Comments

No comments to show.

Archives

  • September 2022

Categories

  • CBSE
  • Class 6
  • Class 6 Science
  • Class 7
  • Class 7 Science
  • Class 8
  • Class 8 Science
Recent Posts
  • Respiration in Organism Class 7 Chapter Summary
  • Getting to Know Plants Chapter Summary Class 6
  • Nutrition in Animals Chapter Summary Class 7
  • The Living Organisms and Their Surrounding Chapter Summary Class 6
  • Reaching at the Age of Adolescence Chapter Summary Class 8
Recent Comments
    Archives
    • September 2022
    Categories
    • CBSE
    • Class 6
    • Class 6 Science
    • Class 7
    • Class 7 Science
    • Class 8
    • Class 8 Science
    Recent Posts
    • Respiration in Organism Class 7 Chapter Summary
      September 28, 2022
    • Getting to Know Plants Chapter Summary Class 6
      September 28, 2022
    • Nutrition in Animals Chapter Summary Class 7
      September 28, 2022
    Categories
    • CBSE10
    • Class 63
    • Class 6 Science2
    • Class 73
    • Class 7 Science2
    • Class 82
    • Class 8 Science1
    Tags
    cbse cbse fullform class 6 class 6 cbse class 6 science class7 class 7 cbse class 7 science class 8 class 8 science class 8 social science ICSE what is cbse
    logotype

    We love teaching and learning, and we want to get other people interested in the world of education. We think that education is the key to a better future, and we want to help our readers reach their goals

    Useful links

    About Us

    Privacy Policy

    Terms & conditions

    Refund and Return Policy

    Top Courses

    CBSE Class VI

    CBSE Class VII

    Contact Us

    • 186 Kant shrawan jairam estate vrindavan nagar ayodhya bypass road Bhopal
    • +91 9179115985
    • help@eeducato.com

    Copyright © 2022 Eeducato. All Rights Reserved. IT Support by SujathaTech